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Heifer International (also known as Heifer Project International) is a nonprofit working to eradicate poverty and hunger through sustainable, values-based holistic community development.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Why Heifer International is Rolling in Dung )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=StrikeForce for Rural Growth and Opportunity )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Secretary Vilsack Launches USDA "StrikeForce" Initiative to Boost Rural Economic Growth and Opportunity )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Life Lessons )〕 Heifer distributes animals, along with agricultural and values-based training, to families in need around the world as a means of providing self-sufficiency. Recipients must agree to “pass on the gift” by sharing animal offspring, as well as the skills and knowledge of animal husbandry and agricultural training with other impoverished families.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Food industry exec leads hunger-fighting nonprofit )〕 Based in Little Rock, Arkansas, Heifer International started with a shipment of 17 heifers to Puerto Rico in 1944.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Heifer Project )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Seagoing Cowboys and the Heifer Project )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Seagoing Cowboys and the Heifer Project: The Maryland Story )〕 Since 1944, Heifer International has distributed livestock such as goats, bees, and water buffalo, along with training and other resources, to 20.7 million families, or more than 105.1 million people in more than 125 countries.〔〔〔〔〔 == Origins and history == Heifer International began as Heifers for Relief in 1944.〔〔〔〔〔 Its founder, an Ohio farmer named Dan West, was a Church of the Brethren relief worker during the Spanish Civil War. Working with Quakers and Mennonites, West directed a program where hungry children were given rations of milk.〔〔〔 In 1938, West was ladling out milk to hungry refugee children and wrote later that he thought, "These children don’t need a cup, they need a cow."〔〔〔〔〔 When back home in Indiana, West took the idea to his neighbors and church. This led to the formation of the Heifers for Relief Committee in 1939.〔〔〔〔〔 In 1942, West was approved by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to pursue the idea as a national project.〔〔〔〔〔 The charity was incorporated in 1944 and sent its first shipment of 17 heifers to Puerto Rico. Several local farmers who knew West donated the animals.〔〔〔〔〔 The first cows were named, "Faith," "Hope," and "Charity," and recipient families had to promise that they would donate the first female calf to another poor family.〔〔〔〔〔 West asked farmers and church leaders to donate pregnant dairy cows due to calve soon so that impoverished families could have milk for years to come and not have to worry about breeding the cows.〔〔 Heifer International would eventually broaden its scope to distribute chickens, pigs, oxen, water buffalo, bees, llamas, frogs and rabbits to poor rural communities around the world.〔〔〔〔〔 Heifer International’s first paid employee was Thurl Metzger, a member of the Church of the Brethren who started as an unpaid volunteer and served as executive director/program director and director of international programs of Heifer International for 30 years.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Thurl Metzger, Heifer's leader for 30 years, dies )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Thurl Metzger )〕 Metzger started his tenure as a seagoing cowboy. Seagoing cowboys volunteered to accompany the animals to their overseas destinations.〔〔 From 1951 to 1981, Metzger served as the executive director and director of international programs of the nonprofit and diversified the program’s offerings as well as the geographic regions Heifer International was serving.〔〔〔〔〔 Eventually Metzger guided Heifer to work in developing nations instead of war-torn regions.〔 In the early 1970s, Heifer consolidated its U.S. distribution network by buying several large farms, including a 1,200-acre ranch in Perryville, Arkansas, as livestock holding facilities.〔 The organization moved its headquarters to Little Rock, near the Perryville ranch, in 1971. Livestock are now sourced from within country or regionally. In 1992, Heifer International appointed Jo Luck to its helm as CEO.〔 Jo Luck is a former member of Bill Clinton’s Arkansas gubernatorial cabinet. Before serving as CEO and President, Luck was the Director of International Programs for Heifer International.〔 Heifer International’s budget boomed to almost $100 million under Jo Luck’s leadership. In 2008, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation awarded Heifer International a $42.5 million grant to help poor rural farmers in East Africa double their incomes by increasing their production of high quality raw milk to sell to dairies. In 2012, the Foundation followed up with an additional $8.2 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=EAST AFRICA DAIRY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT )〕 In 2010, Pierre U. Ferrari was named CEO of Heifer International. Ferrari became president and CEO after Jo Luck’s retirement. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heifer International」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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